CellMinerCDB is an interactive web application that simplifies access and exploration of cancer cell line pharmacogenomic data across different sources (see Metadata section for more details). Navigation in the application is done using main menu tabs (see figure below). It includes 6 tabs: Univariate Analyses, Multivariate Analysis, Metadata, Search, Help and Video tutorial. Univariate Analyses is selected by default when entering the site. Each option includes a side bar menu (to choose input) and a user interface output to display results. Analysis options are available on the top for both the Univariant Analysis and Regression model tabs (see sub-menu on figure). The sub-menu first option result is displayed by default (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Main application interface
Molecular and/or drug response patterns across sets of cell lines can be compared to look for possible association. The univariate analysis panel includes 4 options: Plot data, Download Data, Compare Patterns and Tissue Correlation. Almost all options have the same input data in the left side panel.
Any pair of features from different sources across common cell lines can be plotted (as a scatterplot) including the resultant Pearson correlation and p-value. The p-value estimates assume multivariate normal data, and are less reliable as the data deviate from this. Please use the scatter plot to check the data distribution (e.g., for outlying points outside of a more elliptically concentrated set).
Some options are available to play with the plot image using icons on the top from left to right:
Downloads the plot as a png. | |
Allows the user to zoom in on an area of interest by clicking and dragging with the pointer. | |
Autoscales the image. | |
Allows the user to create horizontal and vertical line from either a cell line dot or the regression line, by hovering over them. |
Figure 2: An example scatterplot of SLFN11 gene expression (x-axis) versus Topotecan drug activity (y-axis)/ both from the NCI60. Since Topotecan has 2 different drug ids in the NCI-60, the one with the lowest number of missing data is selected (here 609699). However, the user can type in their specific drug ID of interest. The Pearson correlation value and p value appear at the top of the plot. A linear fitting curve is included. This is an interactive plot and whenever the user changes any input value, the plot will be updated. Any point in the plot can be hovered over to provide additional information about cell line, tissue, Onco tree designation, and x and y coordinate values. On the top of the plot, you have the option to find and highlight your cell line within the plot.
This option both displays the data selected from the Plot Data tab in tabular form, and provides a Download selected x and y axis data as Tab-Delimited File option. The user can change the input data in the left selection panel as described for Plot Data. The displayed table include the cell line, the x-axis value, the y-axis value, the tissue of origin, the 4 onco-tree levels and other available cell line annotation such as Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) status. Within the header the selected features are prefixed by the data type abbreviation and post-fixed by the data source.
Figure 3: Shows the selected values for SLFN11 gene expression (x-axis) and Topotecan (id 609699) drug activity (y-axis) from the NCI-60 across all common lines. The features are coded as expSLFN11_nci60 and act609699_nci60 where “exp” and “act” represent respectively prefixes for gene expression based on z-score and drug activity.
This option allows one to compute the correlation between the selected feature as defined from the specified x- Axis Cell Line Set, x-Axix Data Type, and Identifier and either all drug or all molecular data from the (same) x-Axis or y-Axis source. By default all tissues are selected however the user can restrict the analysis to specific tissue of origin.
Pearson’s correlations are provided, with reported p-values (not adjusted for multiple comparisons) in tabular form. This displays features are organized by level of correlation, and includes target pathway for genes and mechanism of action (MOA) for drugs (if available).
Figure 4: Shows correlation results for SLFN11 gene with all other molecular features for all NCI60 datasets sorted by correlation value with gene location and target pathways (annotation field).
This option enables to display per tissue of origin (oncotype level 1) the number of cell lines with complete observations (non missing values), the correlation between the selected paired features and its p-value.
Figure 5: Shows the correlation between the selected values for SLFN11 gene expression (x-axis) and Topotecan (id 609699) drug activity (y-axis) from the NCI-60 across all common lines by tissue of origin. Note: The value “ALL” means all available common tissues between the 2 selected features.
The ‘Multivariate Analysis’ option (or module) has multiple tabs including Heatmap, Data, Plot, Cross-Validation, Tehnical Details and Partial Correlation (described below), and allows construction and assessment of multivariate linear response prediction models within a single cell line set. For instance, we can assess prediction of a drug activity based on some genes expression. To construct a regression model, you first need to specify the input data in the left side panel.
Once all the above information is entered, a regression model is built and the results are shown in different ways such as the technical details of the model, observed vs. predictive responses plots or variables heatmap. Find below an explanation of different output for the regression model module.
This option provides the observed response and predictor variables across all source cell lines as an interactive heatmap. For the heatmap visualization, data are range standardized (subtract the minimum, and divide by the range) to values between 0 and 1, based on the value range within all rows of a given data type (by default) or within each row of data (if ‘Use Row Color Scale’ is selected). For data types other than mutation data, the range is trimmed to the difference between the 95th and 5th percentiles; values below or above the 5th and 95th percentile values are scaled to 0 and 1, respectively. In the case of mutation data, the range used for scaling is the difference between the maximum and minimum values. If the values within a data type (or data row if ‘Use Row Color Scale’ is selected) are constant, the scaled value for heatmap visualization is set to 0.5.
The user can restrict the number of cell lines to those that have the highest or lowest response values by selecting Number of High/Low Response Lines to Display. The user can download the heatmap related data by clicking on Download Heatmap Data.
Figure 6: An example heatmap where we selected topotecan as a response variable and SLFLN11 and BPTF gene expression as predictor variables. In this example, we chose to display only 60 cell lines that have the most 30 highest and 30 lowest values for topotecan activity.
If the Lasso algorithm is selected (see below) more predicted variables are shown (STK17B and ABCD3 are added)
Figure 7: Same example as previous figure with the lasso algorithm
This option shows the detailed data for the model variables for each cell line. Both the 10-fold cross validation (CV) as well as the predicted responses are given. The data is displayed as a table with filtering options for each column.
Figure 8: Data related to the simple linear regression model presented in the previous section.
This option enables one to plot and compare the observed response values (y-axis) versus the predicted response values (x-axis). The predicted response values are derived from a linear regression model fit to the full data set.
Figure 9: Plot comparing Topotecan observed vs. predicted activity with high correlation value of 0.84
This option enables plotting the observed response values (y-axis) versus the 10-fold cross-validation predicted response values (x-axis). With this approach, the predicted response values are obtained (over 10 iterations) by successively holding out 10% of the cell lines and predicting their response using a linear regression model fit to the remaining 90% of the data. After all 10 folds have been done, each sample has one cross-validated prediction (since each sample gets in the test set once). We compute the correlation between these cross-validated predictions and the true responses.
Cross-validation is widely used in statistics to assess model generalization to independent data – with the caveat that the independent data must still share the same essential structure (i.e., probability distribution) as the training data. It can also indicate possible overfitting of the training data, such as when the observed versus full data set model-predicted correlation (shown in ‘Plot’) is substantially better than the observed versus cross-validation predicted correlation (shown in ‘Cross-Validation’).
Figure 10: Plot comparing Topotecan observed vs. cross-validation predicted activity with still high correlation value of 0.82
This option enables the user to view the R statistical and other technical details related to the predicted response model. To save, these results may be copied and pasted into the document or spreadsheet of your choice.
Figure 11: Example of regular regression model fitting results
This function is used to identify additional predictive variables for a multivariate linear model. Conceptually, the aim is to identify additional predictive variables that are independently correlated with the response variable, after accounting for the influence of the existing predictor set. Computationally, a linear model is fit, with respect to the existing predictor set, for both the response variable and each candidate predictor variable. The partial correlation is then computed as the Pearson’s correlation between the resulting pairs of model residual vectors (which capture the variation not explained by the existing predictor set). The p-values reported for the correlation and linear modeling analyses assume multivariate normal data. The two-variable plot feature of CellMinerCDB allows informal assessment of this assumption, with clear indication of outlying observations. The reported p-values are less reliable as the data deviate from multivariate normality.
In order to run a partial correlation analysis, the user should first construct a linear model (providing response and predictor variables as explained earlier - steps 1 to 4 in figure below-) and then:
Figure 12: An example of partial correlation results for selected gene expression data using all gene sets.
Mutilple data analysis workflows may be used dependent of the question being asked. A typical workflow:
This option enumerates for each cell line set, the available data types that could be queried within the app providing the data type abbreviation or prefix, description, feature value unit (z-score, intensity, probability …), platform or experiment and related publication reference (pubmed). First the user should specify the Cell Line Set or data source to view all available associated data types. Then he can download data via: Select Data Type to Download and then click on Download Data type and/or Download Data Footnotes to download any data or footnotes for the selected cell line set. Finally the user has the option to Download current cell line set information and Download drug synonyms table with matching IDs for all cell line sets by clicking respectively on Download cell line annotation and Download table.
Figure 13: Shows all data types for NCI60
This page lists the identifiers (ID) available in the selected data source for use in the univariate analysis or Multivariate Analysis. The user chooses:
This enables to search all related ID for each combination. For the molecular data, the gene names (ID) and specific data type information are provided. For the drugs and compounds, the identifiers (ID), Drug name (when available), and Drug MOA (when available) are displayed. The user can scroll down the whole list of IDs, or search specific ID(s) by entering a value in the header of any column.
For the NCI-60 and NCI/DTP SCLC, the drug identifiers (ID) are NSC's or names. For the CCLE, GTRP, and CTRP, the drug identifiers are the Drug names.
Figure 14: Example of a search: if looking for a drug ID in the NCI-60 select “NCI-60” as the cell line source and select “Drug Activity” as the data type. You can type in search box of column “Drug name” or “MOA”.
For all data sources, the gene ID is the Hugo gene symbol however the application also recognizes any synonym or previous symbol (alias) that is included in the Hugo database.
Figure 15: Example of a search: if looking for a gene ID in the NCI-60 select “NCI-60” as the cell line source and select “gene expression” as the data type. You can type in search box of column “gene name” or “entrez gene id” or “Chromosome”…
In order to select multiple choice from a list, use “command” button for Mac or “alt” button for PC and then click
You can change the x-axis or y-axis lower or higher value to have different views of the displayed plot.
It is a checkbox that enable and disable colors in the scatter plots
Please send comments and feedback to
CellMinerCDB integrates data from the following sources, which provide additional data and specialized analyses.
Figure 17: Cell line overlaps between data sources.
Figure 18: Drug overlaps between data sources.
For specific information about the data made available for particular sources, please refer to the 'Metadata' navbar tab.
Drug mechanism of action details:
Gene sets used for annotation of analysis results or algorithm input filtering were curated by the NCI/DTB CellMiner team, based on surveys of the applicable research literature.
The CellMinerCDB application is developed and maintained using R and Shiny by:
Shankavaram UT, Varma S, Kane D, Sunshine M, Chary KK, Reinhold WC, Pommier Y, Weinstein JN. CellMiner: a relational database and query tool for the NCI-60 cancer cell lines. BMC Genomics. 2009 Jun 23;10:277. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-277.
Reinhold WC, Sunshine M, Liu H, Varma S, Kohn KW, Morris J, Doroshow J, Pommier Y. CellMiner: a web-based suite of genomic and pharmacologic tools to explore transcript and drug patterns in the NCI-60 cell line set. Cancer Res. 2012 Jul 15;72(14):3499-511. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-1370.
Reinhold WC, Sunshine M, Varma S, Doroshow JH, Pommier Y. Using CellMiner 1.6 for Systems Pharmacology and Genomic Analysis of the NCI-60. Clin Cancer Res. 2015 Sep 1;21(17):3841-52. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-0335. Epub 2015 Jun 5.
Luna A, Rajapakse VN, Sousa FG, Gao J, Schultz N, Varma S, Reinhold W, Sander C, Pommier Y. rcellminer: exploring molecular profiles and drug response of the NCI-60 cell lines in R. Bioinformatics. 2015 Dec 3. pii: btv701.
Rajapakse VN, Luna A, Yamade M, Loman L, Varma S, Sunshine M, Iorio F, Elloumi F, Aladjem MI, Thomas A, Sander C, Kohn KW, Benes CH, Garnett M, Reinhold WC, Pommier Y. CellMinerCDB for Integrative Cross-Database Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Analyses of Cancer Cell Lines. iScience, Cell Press. 2018 Dec 12.
Reinhold WC, Varma S, Sunshine M, Elloumi F, Ofori-Atta K, Lee S, Trepel JB, Meltzer PS, Doroshow JH, Pommier Y. RNA sequencing of the NCI-60: Integration into CellMiner and CellMiner CDB. Cancer Res. 2019 May 21. pii: canres.2047.2018. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-2047.
Luna A, Elloumi F, Varma S, Wang Y, Rajapakse VN, Aladjem MI, Robert J, Sander C, Pommier Y, Reinhold WC. CellMiner Cross-Database (CellMinerCDB) version 1.2: Exploration of patient-derived cancer cell line pharmacogenomics. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 Jan 8;49(D1):D1083-D1093. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkaa968. PMID: 33196823; PMCID: PMC7779001.
October 2024:
April 2024:
October 2023:
July 2023:
April 2023:
October 2022:
April 2022:
October 2021:
April 2021:
September 2020: [pubmed: 33196823]
May 2019: [pubmed: 31113817]
December 2018: [pubmed: 30553813]
CellMiner Cross-Database (CellMinerCDB, https://discover.nci.nih.gov/cellminercdb) allows integration and analysis of molecular and pharmacological data within and across cancer cell line datasets. If you use content from this site, please cite: Luna A et al. 2021. PMID: 33196823, Rajapakse VN et al. 2018. PMID: 30553813, and Luna et al. 2016., PMID: 33196823.
CellMiner Cross-Database (CellMinerCDB, https://discover.nci.nih.gov/cellminercdb) allows integration and analysis of molecular and pharmacological data within and across cancer cell line datasets. If you use content from this site, please cite: Luna A et al. 2021. PMID: 33196823, Rajapakse VN et al. 2018. PMID: 30553813, and Luna et al. 2016., PMID: 33196823.
discover.nci.nih.gov
An official website of the National Institutes of Health